They can impersonate the user and send communications to friends and coworkers as a spear phishing attack (see Social Engineering). They can change the account password, which will lock out the real user. They can view and edit personal information. A hijacker with a logged-in session can perform any action which the user could perform. The session is often used to maintain the user's logged-in state or other authorization to perform access-restricted actions. An attacker can send a request with the user's session ID and assume for themselves any previous state set in the session. The server must assume that any request including a user's session ID must be originating from the user's browser. ![]() But even worse, the attacker can impersonate the user. (Every request to the server will send visible cookie data.) Discovering the session ID provides an attacker access to all session data. ![]() This session ID is vulnerable to theft because cookies are visible in storage and in transit. ![]() However, to identify the user and give them access to the session data, it is necessary to set a session reference identifier ("session ID") in a browser cookie. Sessions are more secure than putting user data into browser cookies because the data being stored never leaves the server. Sessions store information about a user on the server-side, usually either in a file or a database. Session hijacking is an attack where the attacker steals a user's active session with a website to gain unauthorized access to actions and information on that website.
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